400870 Population Health And Society
Question:
Choose one case study to use for this assessment. You will be required to research complex determinants (biomedical, behavioural, social and environmental) shaping your chosen case study and analyse the adequacy of the services available in addressing these determinants (at each level). Each case study is comprised of a scenario detailing the health issue, a journal article and a media report (print, audio or video). The case studies cover the following issues:
Shift worker – fall-related injuries
Asthma
Syphilis in a small town
Breast cancer
Early childhood caries
Answer:
Breast cancer is caused by either a modifiable or non-modifiable hazard factor which worries with the seriousness and the commonness on the nearness of malignancy cells on the influenced parts of the body. Bosom growth is a perilous sickness, particularly if the phase of the infection is as of now on its terminal stage without being screened, Burstein, Lacchetti & Griggs (2016).
This paper will talk about the commonness rate, mortality, and dreariness of bosom disease, which influences a huge number of patients around the globe. The modifiable reason for the bosom growth is identified with the way of life of the patient, which influences their wellbeing. This incorporates their inactive way of life, which assumes an essential job in restricting their proactive way of life, affecting their well-being and lifespan, Tuffery et al (2018). The non-modifiable factor is ascribed to their sexual orientation as a female on the grounds that most sufferers of bosom tumors are on the whole females.
Prevalence
Predominance of bosom growth stays high around the world. Death rates have been diminishing since the 1970s. Screening projects and advances in adjuvant treatment have added to diminishing mortality and this pathology has progressed toward becoming in an endless sickness, Edwards et al (2014). Then again, the advancement of new biomarkers and other analytic instruments and new treatments could prompt a more noteworthy inconstancy in clinical practice.
Impacts on quality of life.
Today, personal satisfaction reviews are an essential issue in social insurance, particularly in oncological research. Tumor influences distinctive parts of and at present, growth is a noteworthy issue everywhere throughout the world Kim et al (2015). The period of end, the basic periods of treatment and the months following fulfillment of treatment are troublesome events for patients both physically and deep down. In the midst of these periods, poor change and reduced in bosom disease patients can without much of a stretch happen. In this way, it is basic for social insurance experts to get comfortable with the effect of a bosom malignancy finding and its treatment on patients’ personal satisfaction, (Friel 2010).
Social and environmental determinants
The social determinants of bosom malignancy likely contribute essentially to the improvement and mortality of the ailment, and these automatic components are appeared to be of more noteworthy effect on ladies of shading and low-salary ladies since these populaces are at more serious hazard for an introduction to poisons and social bad form related anxieties, Hinzey et al (2016). Low-wage ladies are likewise more averse to approach solid sustenances and quality social insurance.
Convincing exploration and basic instinct disclose to us that genuine decrease of both bosom tumor occurrence and demise from the infection requires a superior comprehension of how the perplexing tangle of the natural and social variables, hereditary qualities and individual conduct results in various results for various ethnic and monetary gatherings, (Watch 2016).
Key facts about the environment and breast cancer:
- 70% of individuals with a bosom disease have none of the known hazard factors. The alleged known hazard factors, as late menopause, having kids late throughout everyday life, and family history of growth are available in just 30 percent of bosom tumor cases.
- Non-industrialized nations have brought down bosom disease rates than industrialized nations. Individuals who move to industrialized nations from nations with low rates build up similar bosom tumor rates of the industrialized nation.
- Estrogen is a hormone firmly connected with the improvement of a bosom tumor. Variously engineered synthetics, act like estrogen in our bodies, including basic weed executioners and pesticides, plastic added substances or side-effects, fixings in shower paints and paint removers, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), utilized widely in the make of sustenance bundling, medicinal items, and rainwear, (Indig et al 2010).
Services available to the affected.
Populace-based screening means to distinguish each qualified lady in the objective populace in the region served by a screening Program and to by and by welcoming them to each authoritative round of screening. Ceaseless checking of the Program is required to all the more likely comprehend the positive aftereffects of screening and the negative results, e.g. the quantity of false-positive screening results (Mainiero et al 2016). Moreover, changes after some time in gauge chance for breast cancer, screening strategies and treatment likewise require an occasional reassessment of viability.
The situation of the services
Yearly mammograms can distinguish malignancy early when it is generally treatable. Truth be told, mammograms demonstrate switches in the bosom up to two years previously a patient or doctor can feel them. Mammograms can likewise keep the requirement for broad treatment for cutting-edge diseases and enhance odds of bosom protection. Current suggest that ladies get yearly mammograms beginning at age 40 regardless of whether they have no side effects or family history of a bosom tumor as brought out by the (World Health Organization 2014). This has come along with a lot of benefits to the patients and the entire state has benefited much since the dangers of the disease are realizing earlier, (Coombe, Lisy, Campbell, Perry & Prasannan 2016).
Recommendation
The founders of the breast cancer should keep in their own studies to integrate the provision of the evidence about the determinant of the breast cancer all through the life course with a view of developing the innovation strategies that are innovative and applicable at some point of life. From the norm that cancer can be caused by the environmental factors the researcher should consider pursuing more and more research on the same inn order to gain more knowledge.
Conclusion
To conclude, the aging problems that come along with the breast cancer patients including the biological health problems for instance the consumption fatty food and the alcohol and the associated economic problems as a result of the reduction of the level of the income. From the research done, the breast cancer has been considered to be the most killer disease.
References
Burstein, Lacchetti & Griggs (2016). Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update on Ovarian Suppression Summary. Journal of oncology practice, 12(4), 390-393.
Coombe, Lisy, Campbell, Perry & Prasannan (2016). Survival outcomes following aggressive treatment of oligometastatic breast cancer: A systematic review protocol. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, 14(4), 197-198.
Edwards, B. K., Noone, A. M., Mariotto, A. B., Simard, E. P., Boscoe, F. P., Henley, S. J., … & Eheman, C. R. (2014). Annual Report to the Nation on the status of cancer, 1975?2010, featuring prevalence of comorbidity and impact on survival among persons with lung, colorectal, breast, or prostate cancer. Cancer, 120(9), 1290-1314.
Friel, S., 2010. Climate change, food insecurity and chronic diseases: sustainable and healthy policy opportunities for Australia. New South Wales Public Health Bulletin, 21(6), pp.129-133.
Hinzey, A., Gaudier-Diaz, M. M., Lustberg, M. B., & DeVries, A. C. (2016). Breast cancer and social environment: getting by with a little help from our friends. Breast Cancer Research, 18(1), 54.
Indig, D., Topp, L., Ross, B., Mamoon, H., Border, B., Kumar, S. and McNamara, M., 2010. 2009 NSW inmate health survey: key findings report. Justice Health, Sydney, p.16.
Kim, Kim, T., Moon, H. G., Jin, U. S., Kim, K., Kim, J., … & Minn, K. W. (2015). Effect of cosmetic outcome on quality of life after breast cancer surgery. European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), 41(3), 426-432.
Mainiero, M. B., Lourenco, A., Mahoney, M. C., Newell, M. S., Bailey, L., Barke, L. D., … & Jokich, P. M. (2016). ACR appropriateness criteria breast cancer screening. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 13(11), R45-R49.
Tuffery, L., Kholodenko, B. N., Kolch, W., Halasz, M., & Fey, D. (2018). PO-136 Studying pathway interactions and dynamics to predict cell responses to chemotherapeutic treatment in breast cancer cells.
World Health Organization. (2014). WHO position paper on mammography screening. World Health Organization.
Watch, O., 2016. Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety (ANROWS) and VicHealth (2015). Change the story: A shared framework for the primary prevention of violence against women and their children in Australia, p.8.
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