HLT54115 Nursing

1. What are the impacts of healthcare delivery in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in Australia?

There is decreased infant mortality according to (Thomson,2012). This is because there is improved healthcare infrastructure for mothers among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The health services have been made available and accessible to the people compared to previous times. Health care delivery has promoted the ability of the Australian government to receive additional funding in a bid to improve the health of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders people.

2. Write in the key historical events that took place in the Australian Healthcare system.

According to(Hilless, Healy & World Health Organization,2011) during the colonization period, public hospitals were for the poor sustained by charities while the private hospitals were for the richThe community health needs were met by doctors who were paid on a fee.In 1901 the federal government was granted power to control quarantine to prevent diseases.In 1918 after the influenza outbreak there was formation of the public health department. In 1921 formation of Common Department of health in conjunction with the States. In 1926 the Federal Health Council was formed to advise on health matters and changed to National Health Medical Research in 1938. A shortlived national health insurance was formed in 1938. In 1945 the pharmaceutical benefits act was formed. In 1946 the Hospital benefits act was passed. The national health act was passed in 1953. In 1975 a national health insurance was passed known as Medibank. In 1996 there was the formation of Medicare which covered the healthcare needs for Australian citizens as a tax-funded insurance and it runs till today. The main financial avenues funding the Australian healthcare system are the Commonwealth funding the Medicare, the Pharmaceutical benefits schedule and the Australian Healthcare Agreements. The Commonwealth funds the public hospitals, aged homes, pharmacists, general practitioners, public health services and the specialists. The States manage the community health services and public health services.

3. Name two political and two economic factors that impact on health?

Political factors including poor governance affect health in that there are increased costs of catering for healthcare needs. Civil wars also lead to the destruction of hospitals and inaccessibility to health facilities. Economic factors such as increased taxation lead to increased costs in health care services. Debt limits the growth of health infrastructure and expansion of health services. 

4. Identify and describe the principles and parameters of nursing practice

According to(Nursing, & Federation, 2014) principles of nursing practice include the ability to understand nursing and general health care. The nurse should maintain professional relationships with other nurses and other healthcare workers. The nurse should make decisions that reflect leadership. The nurse should practice evidence-based nursing and plan care for the patient. The nurse can provide correct information to patients. The nurse participates in policies set by the Australian government regarding the healthcare system. The nurse should collaborate with other healthcare workers. Parameters of nursing practice include seeking consent, taking the duty of care to clients and other healthcare workers, avoidance of negligence and performing activities within one’s scope of practice.

5. Identify and describe the historical and current perspectives of the nursing profession and nurse education

Historical perspectives include Nightingale establishing schools in London, nursing education established by Rockefeller foundation. The current perspectives are defined by the International Council of Nurses who set the code of conduct for nurses and promotes nursing education through national nurses associations in the globe

6. Identify & discuss the jurisdictional requirements that govern nursing practice including  

According to(Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia,2016).A nurse who applies to be a nurse must have a clear criminal record in all countries. A nurse should be conversant with English and pass the tests. A nurse applying for registration should explain how they will engage in further studies to maintain competency. A nurse should be practicing recently since qualification. A nurse should have professional insurance indemnity protecting them from civil liability

The nurse engages in professional practice regarding legal and ethical issues. The nurse engages in critical thinking by engaging in nursing research. The nurse is involved in providing and coordinating care by nursing assessment. The nurse engages in collaborative practice by working together with other professionals.

The nurse should provide optimum nursing care. The nurse is accountable for their nursing practice and ensures continued education. The nurse maintains respectful relations with other healthcare workers

References

Hilless, M., Healy, J., & World Health Organization. (2011). Health care systems in transition: Australia (No. EUR/01/5012667 (AUS)). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.

Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2016). Registered nurse standards for practice.Registered nurse standards for practice.

Nursing, A., & Federation, M. (2014). National Practice Standards for Nurses in General Practice: Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation Standards Funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. Australian Nursing & Midwifery Federation.

Thomson, N. (2012). Responding to our’spectacular failure’.